Color is a qualitative and quantitative measure. Qualitatively, it can be characterized by the hue, the saturation, and the brightness. It is quantified in terms of color spaces, such as L*a*b* or RGB, in terms of numerical values based on devices such as colorimeters or spectrophotometers.

A colorimeter is a quick and inexpensive method to measure color and to control color in a material or solution. It is used to maintain color consistency during production and to check the chemical concentration. It also assists with the quality control of labs, food, textiles, and pharmaceuticals.

Gloss is a broad term to describe the reflectivity of a surface. Whereas high gloss is a specific term that has the highest reflectance (usually more than 70 GU). High gloss finishes are shiny, mirror-like, and exhibit more surface blemishes than lower gloss finishes.

When using a Pantone light box, each sample should be positioned flat and nearby the other samples, but not overlapping. Each one should also be in the middle of the light box, and the surfaces of the light box should be clean and non-reflective.

Coating thickness is best measured with a coating thickness gauge specific for the type of substrate. Magnetic and eddy gauges are best for metals while ultrasonic gauges are best for non-metals. These devices provide measurement accuracy and consistency. 

Daylight, store light, home light, and UV fluorescence light sources are included in Pantone light boxes as D65, TL84, CWF, A, and UV. 

Gloss level is the extent of reflectance of light on a surface. It measures the shininess or dullness of a finish, from flat or matte to high gloss. It is important in aesthetic, functional, and quality control applications.

Spectrophotometers can only measure haze if it has haze measuring capabilities, as many measure color and transmittance.

Color evaluation will change based on how a sample is viewed.  A 45° viewing angle to the source is recommended to reduce shading and achieve consistent comparison.

The Colour Assessment Cabinet (CAC) is a controlled environment used for the visual evaluation of color wherein the light sources are consistent.